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Linux Operating System




Enviado por jaimemontoya



Partes: 1, 2

    1. Introduction
    2. Linux operating
      system
    3. Proprietary
      software
    4. Free software
    5. Linux
      advanteges
    6. Conclusion
    7. Bibliography

    INTRODUCTION

    Linux is one of the most popular and productive
    operating systems in the world. Its acceptance is product of the
    high and potential capacity that Linux offers to
    many different fields of work.

    Linux does not give only one version of the program, but
    a lot of different versions so that people can decide
    what’s best for their particular needs.

    Even though Linux has not reached the market share of
    Microsoft
    Windows, yet
    Linux is and will continue being popular and used by a lot of
    people around the world. There are specific fields where Linux is
    leader and any other operating system has the same percentage of
    users right now. For example, web servers
    market is dominated by Linux.

    This study will give an important and clear overview
    about Linux operating system and it will help to know better this
    powerful software that is free and
    can be enjoyed and used by anybody.

    1.
    LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM

    Tux, the Linux penguin

    Linux is an operative system that is a typical example
    of free software and open source development. The source code of
    Linux is available for anyone to use, modify, and redistribute
    freely.

    The many Linux distributions differ for various reasons
    including technical, organizational, and philosophical. Technical
    variations include support for different hardware devices and systems
    or software package configurations. Organizational differences
    may be motivated by historical reasons. Philosophical differences
    may include what software is considered easier to use. Other
    criteria include security, including how quickly security
    upgrades are available; ease of package management;
    etc.

    2.
    PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE

    Proprietary software means that it has restrictions on
    using, copying and modifying as enforced by the proprietor.
    Restrictions on use, modification and copying are achieved by
    either legal or technical means and sometimes both. Technical
    means include withholding the human-readable source code. Legal
    means can involve software licensing, copyright, and patent law.
    Proponents of proprietary software, like Microsoft, argue that
    innovation is driven more quickly when it is lucrative. They
    claim that the best way to ensure this motivation is to tie
    revenue to innovation. Proprietary software is said to create
    greater commercial activity over free software, especially in
    regard to market revenues.

    One of the risks of proprietary software is that if the
    proprietor gets to work in a monopoly with his product, it would
    easily make the software more expensive.

    Well known examples of proprietary software include
    Microsoft Windows, RealPlayer, Adobe Photoshop,
    WinZip,
    etc.

    3.
    FREE SOFTWARE

    Free software can be used, copied, studied, modified and
    redistributed with little or no restriction beyond the
    requirement that source code must be made available. Freedom from
    such restrictions is central to the concept.

    The usual way for software to be distributed as free
    software is for the software to be licensed to the recipient with
    a free software license (or be in the public domain), and the
    source code of the software to be made available (for a compiled
    language).

    By contrast, "Freeware" is software made available
    free of charge, but is generally proprietary, as users do
    not necessarily have the freedom to use, copy, study, modify or
    redistribute it. Source code for freeware may or may not be
    published, and permission to distribute modified versions may or
    may not be granted, so freeware is gratis, but not
    necessarily libre software. Freeware is copyrighted
    computer software which is made available for use free of charge,
    for an unlimited time, as opposed to shareware where the user is
    required to pay (e.g. after some trial period).

    Authors of freeware often want to "give something to the
    community", but also want to credit for their software and to
    retain control of its
    future development. Shareware is a marketing
    method for computer software. Shareware software is typically
    obtained free of charge, either by downloading from the Internet or on magazine
    cover-disks. A user tries out the program, and thus shareware has
    also been known as "try before you buy". A shareware program is
    accompanied by a request for payment, and the software’s
    distribution license often requires such a payment. Free software
    should never be confused with freeware nor shareware
    software.

    "Free software" is a matter of liberty, not
    price. To understand the concept, people should think of
    "free" as in "free speech" not as in "free
    beer."
    Free software is a matter of the users’ freedom
    to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.
    More precisely, it refers to four kinds of freedom, for the users
    of the software:

    • The freedom to run the program, for any
      purpose.
    • The freedom to study how the program works, and
      adapt it to your needs. Access to
      the source code is a precondition for this.
    • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help
      your neighbor.
    • The freedom to improve the program, and release
      your improvements to the public, so that the whole community
      benefits. Access to
      the source code is a precondition for this.

    A program is free software if users have all of these
    freedoms. An excellent and clear example of free software is
    Linux operating system.

    Partes: 1, 2

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